神经肽Phoenixin的表达分布与功能机制的研究进展
李嘉悦 刘 立 何玲玲 侯悦晨
甘肃中医药大学中西医结合学院,甘肃 兰州 730020
通信作者:刘立
【摘要】 近年来,随着神经分子生物学和生物信息学的快速发展,以及人类基因组计划所提供的丰富信息,科学家从大鼠下丘脑和牛心脏中分离出了一种新的神经肽 Phoenixin(PNX)。PNX 有 PNX-14 和PNX-20 两个亚型。PNX 通过激活受体 GPR173 而广泛表达于多种动物的外周组织及中枢系统中,根据表达分布的不同,PNX 起到了多种生物功能。综合近 10 a 的研究进展,本文总结了 PNX 在动物体内的表达分布以及在各表达位点的功能机制。PNX 在下丘脑中的作用最为重要与复杂,可能与调节 GnRH 的脉冲式分泌有关。 望能为 PNX 未来的研究理清思路,以期 PNX 成为新的诊断标志物和靶点治疗药物。
【关键词】 Phoenixin(PNX);表达分布;作用机制;下丘脑;GnRH
【中图分类号】 R741 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1673-5110 (2022) 05-0633-05
基金项目:自然科学基金(编号:20JR10RA338);甘肃省中医药管理局科研课题(编号:GZK-2019-27);自然科学基金(编号:18JR3RA194)
DOI:10.12083/SYSJ.220048
Research progress on the expression distribution and functional mechanism of neuropeptide Phoenix
LI Jiayue,LIU Li,HE Lingling,HOU Yuechen
Gansu University of Chinese Medicine,Lanzhou 730020,China
Corresponding author:LIU Li
【Abstract】 In recent years,with the rapid development of neuromolecular biology and bioinformatics and the rich information provided by the human genome project,scientists have isolated a new neuropeptide Phoenixin (PNX) from rat hypothalamus and bovine heart. PNX has two subtypes: PNX-14 and PNX-20. PNX is widely expressed in the peripheral tissues and central system of many animals by activating the receptor GPR 173. According to the different expression distribution,PNX plays a variety of biological functions. Based on the research progress in recent 10 years,this paper summarizes the expression and distribution of PNX in animals,and expounds the functional mechanism of PNX at each expression site. The role of PNX in hypothalamus is the most important and complex,which may be related to regulating the pulsed secretion of GnRH. It is hoped that this paper can clarify the direction of PNX for the future research ,in order to make PNX a new diagnostic marker or about a target therapeutic drug.
【Key words】 Phoenixin(PNX);expression distribution;functional mechanism;hypothalamus;GnRH