脑钠肽(brain natriuretic peptide,BNP)是一种神经激素,具有调节血容量、降低体循环阻力、抑制RAAS系统和交感神经作用,参与血压、血容量及水盐平衡调节的作用。急性缺血性脑卒中是最常见的卒中类型,有较高的致死、致残率,rt-PA静脉溶栓是目前恢复脑灌注的最主要措施。BNP作为心血管疾病发生发展过程中重要的预测因子,已被广泛认可,而本文就BNP在脑梗死、静脉溶栓患者中的变化以及BNP在脑梗死及静脉溶栓治疗预后的预测功能方面做一综述。
脑钠肽与急性脑梗死及脑梗死静脉溶栓的相关性研究进展
袁佳欣1) 陈 琦1) 窦连伟1) 刘 宏2) 刘 杰2) 任 超1) 王晓彤1)△
青岛大学附属烟台毓璜顶医院 1)神经内科 2)神经监护室,山东 烟台 264000
基金项目:烟台市科技计划项目(编号:2018SFGY091);烟台市科技计划项目(编号:2017WS105);山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(编号:2017WSA388);烟台毓璜顶医院院内科研启动基金项目(编号:KJ0160)
作者简介:袁佳欣,Email:1137003210@qq.com
△通信作者:王晓彤,Email:Xiaotong815@aliyun.com
【摘要】 脑钠肽(brain natriuretic peptide,BNP)是一种神经激素,具有调节血容量、降低体循环阻力、抑制RAAS系统和交感神经作用,参与血压、血容量及水盐平衡调节的作用。急性缺血性脑卒中是最常见的卒中类型,有较高的致死、致残率,rt-PA静脉溶栓是目前恢复脑灌注的最主要措施。BNP作为心血管疾病发生发展过程中重要的预测因子,已被广泛认可,而本文就BNP在脑梗死、静脉溶栓患者中的变化以及BNP在脑梗死及静脉溶栓治疗预后的预测功能方面做一综述。
【关键词】 脑钠肽;急性脑梗死;静脉溶栓;重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂;脑血管病
【中图分类号】 R743.33 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1673-5110(2019)01-0107-05 DOI:10.12083/SYSJ.2019.01.022
Advances in research on the relationship between brain natriuretic peptide and acute cerebral infarction and venous thrombolysis
YUAN Jiaxin,CHEN Qi,DOU Lianwei,LIU Hong,LIU Jie,REN Chao,WANG Xiaotong
1)Department of Neurology,Yantai Yuding Hospital,Qingdao University,Yantai 264000,China;2)Department of Neurological Care,Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital,Qingdao University,Yantai 264000,China
【Abstract】 Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a neurohormone that regulates blood volume,reduces systemic resistance,inhibits RAAS system and sympathetic nerves,and participates in the regulation of blood pressure,blood volume and water-salt balance.Acute ischemic stroke is the most common type of stroke with high mortality and disability.rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis is the most important measure to restore cerebral perfusion.BNP has been widely recognized as an important predictor of cardiovascular disease development and development,and this article reviews the changes of BNP in patients with cerebral infarction and its predictive function of venous thrombolysis after cerebral infarction and cerebral infarction.
【Key words】 Brain natriuretic peptide;Acute cerebral infarction;Intravenous thrombolysis;rt-PA;Cerebrovascular disease
脑钠肽(brain natriuretic peptide,BNP)又称B型钠尿肽(B-type natriuretic peptide),是利钠肽(natriuretic peptides,NP)众多家族成员中的一员,最初是由SUDOH等[1]从猪脑中分离出的一种多肽,具有利尿、利钠、降低血容量、扩血管、降低体循环阻力、抑制交感神经和RAAS系统作用,参与血容量、血压及水盐平衡等调节[2],近年来,BNP作为心血管疾病发生发展过程中重要的预测因子,已被广泛认可,BNP在心肌梗死患者中的变化及其作为心肌梗死及心梗后溶栓治疗预后的预测功能已有相当多的研究,本文就BNP在脑梗死、静脉溶栓患者中的变化以及BNP在脑梗死及静脉溶栓治疗预后的预测功能方面做一综述。
1 脑钠肽
1.1 BNP的结构、分布 目前已知45个氨基酸构成了大鼠的BNP,而人、狗及猪的BNP是由32个氨基酸组成的,是一种由一对二硫键连接的环形结构。位于1号染色体短臂末端的人类BNP 基因,由2个内显子和3个外显子构成,经翻译成为具有134个氨基酸的前BNP原 (preproBNP),通过酶切成108个氨基酸的BNP原(proBNP)[3],最后被切割成生理活性BNP(氨基酸77-108)和N-末端片段NT-proBNP(氨基酸1-76)[4]。BNP的分布很广,脑、脊髓、心、肺、肾、主动脉及肾上腺等组织中均存在,而心脏中的浓度最高,主要由左、右心室肌分泌[5-6],也从心房组织少量释放[7-8]。脑内延髓中含量最高,垂体与海马含量最低,豆状核、尾状核含量也较多。此外,下丘脑、三叉神经节、视上核、室旁核、边缘系统、小脑等处也有报道[9]。
1.2 BNP的作用及降解 利钠肽(NP)的特异性受体有三种亚型:NP受体A(NPRA)、B(NPRB)和C(NPRC),NPRA和NPRB是鸟苷酸环化酶(GC)偶联的跨膜受体,与其结合诱导第二信使环鸟苷酸(cGMP)的产生,介导大多数NP的生物效应,ANP和BNP选择性结合NPRA,而CNP结合NPRB,NPRC没有GC活性,它主要是NP的清除受体,参与所有类型的NP的降解,具有最高的ANP亲和力和BNP的最低亲和力[10]。与ANP相比,NPRC对BNP的亲和力低,是BNP较长血浆半衰期的主要原因,BNP半衰期约为20 min,主要经肺脏和肾脏清除,有两条途径:一种是通过非特异的中性内肽酶(NEP)打开利钠肽的环状结构而降解;另一种是由C型受体介导的细胞内吞作用, 进入细胞内被溶酶体降解。
BNP的作用取决于受体分布、配体亲和力和NPRA与NPRC表达比(NPRA / NPRC),NPRA主要在血管平滑肌和内皮细胞、脂肪组织和肾脏、肾上腺、肝脏和脑中表达,在心脏和骨骼肌中表达较少,NPRC主要在脂肪组织和肾脏中表达。BNP作为肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统的拮抗剂,通过其利钠和利尿特性影响生物体内的电解质和液体平衡[11-13];同时具有抑制交感神经的作用,扩张冠状动脉以增加心肌供血,降低外周动脉阻力、扩张外周静脉,减轻心脏压力负荷及容量负荷[12-14];BNP是心肌细胞衍生的抗纤维化因子,心肌细胞分泌心钠素和脑钠素,激活了共同鸟苷酰环化酶偶联的钠尿肽受体亚型,即鸟苷酰环化酶-A(GC-A),它在多种组织中表达,从而导致细胞内cGMP浓度增加,利钠肽/cGMP系统通过抑制肾素-血管紧张素和树突状上皮细胞系统来拮抗心肌成纤维细胞和血管平滑肌细胞的增殖以及细胞外基质的产生,起到抑制心肌纤维化、心室肥大、增强舒张功能的作用[12],BNP也可以作为抗纤维化因子作用于其他器官。
2 血BNP水平与脑梗死的关系
急性缺血性脑卒中即急性脑梗死,占脑卒中的69.6%~70.8%[15-16],是最常见的卒中类型。在中国,急性缺血性脑卒中住院患者发病后1个月内病死率为2.3%~3.2%[16-17],3个月病死率9%~9.6%,致死/致残率34.5%~37.1%[18],而急性缺血性脑卒中的并发症(脑水肿、出血性转化、癫痫、肺炎、尿路感染、深静脉血栓与肺栓塞、压疮、卒中后情感障碍)等也严重影响患者的生命健康及生活质量。目前对急性脑梗死的治疗方法有很多,遵循静脉重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(recombinant tissue plasminogen activator,rt-PA)溶栓优先原则,静脉溶栓是血管再通的首选方法(Ⅰ级推荐,A级证据),即使患者符合静脉溶栓和血管内机械取栓指征,也应首先接受rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗(Ⅰ级推荐,A级证据)。目前已有大量研究显示急性脑梗死与血浆BNP之间存在关系,且血浆BNP可以作为预测急性脑梗死临床预后的一项指标。
BNP水平变化受到冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病、心肌病、心肌梗死、高血压心脏病、心脏瓣膜病和阵发性或慢性心房颤动等各种心脏病及肺癌、肺栓塞、肾衰竭、脓毒症等的影响,但在排除心脏、肺部及肾脏等因素的影响后,血浆BNP水平在脑梗死患者急性期仍升高[5,11,13,19-25]。血浆BNP水平升高是急性缺血性脑卒中的独立预测因子,高血浆BNP水平与脑缺血发展风险及其严重程度之间显著相关,脑梗死后BNP升高原因:(1)患者可能同时存在充血性心力衰竭、房颤等疾病[13,26-29],凝血功能异常、血液成分和内皮功能障碍被认为是心力衰竭患者发生缺血性脑卒中的机制,房颤患者发生急性缺血性脑卒中,可能与止血异常、血栓前状态或高凝血状态相关;(2)脑梗死后发生脑心综合征致心源性BNP产生增多;(3)梗死部位累及基底节、延髓等部位,直接引起BNP释放增多;(4)研究表明血浆BNP升高与缺血性和出血性脑卒中脑水肿相关[30-32];(5)脑梗死引起的应激反应、缺血缺氧等原因导致各种炎症介质及细胞因子的释放等,直接刺激延髓等处释放BNP增多;(6)血BNP的转录和释放受到氧张力的影响,缺氧可以增加心脏BNP基因表达和循环中的BNP水平[33],人类BNP基因启动子区域含有缺氧诱导因子1(HIF-1)结合位点,BNP基因表达被HIF-1激活[34-35],此外,大脑中动脉闭塞能刺激大鼠脑组织中的BNP mRNA表达[36]。
高龄、女性、非吸烟者的血BNP相比之下更高[37];血浆BNP与梗死面积有关,血浆BNP浓度与脑梗死梗死面积的大小呈正相关;虽然大动脉粥样硬化型脑梗死的BNP水平也较高,但心源性卒中的血浆BNP水平显著高于大动脉粥样硬化型及其他类型脑卒中,可以用来区分缺血性脑卒中的心源性亚型与其他亚型[11,32,38-40],有报道提示血浆BNP(>77 pg/mL)是多变量下心源性卒中的独立预测因素[11,32],也有报道称BNP水平超过140 pg/mL可用于区分心源性卒中患者与非心源性卒中患者[38,41-42]。脑卒中患者的血浆BNP水平可预测其预后,高血浆BNP患者卒中后病死率升高[32,43-46],且升高的BNP水平是短期和长期病死率[26,40,44,46-47]及缺血性脑卒中后6个月功能预后的独立预测因子。
3 血BNP水平与脑梗死溶栓治疗的关系
目前恢复脑灌注的最主要措施就是静脉溶栓,溶栓药物包括rt-PA、尿激酶和替奈普酶。rt-PA是我国目前使用的主要溶栓药物,rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的疗效和安全性已被多个临床试验验证。按照溶栓适应证、禁忌证、相对禁忌证严格筛选患者,对发病3 h内(Ⅰ级推荐,A级证据)及3~4.5 h(Ⅱ级推荐,B级证据)的缺血性脑卒中患者,应尽早行rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗,然而目前临床表现及影像学检查仍是临床上对急性脑梗死溶栓患者预后评价的主要手段,缺乏简单、有效的评价病情严重程度及预后的实验室检验指标。研究报道过血浆BNP在脑梗死静脉溶栓治疗12 h活性明显下降,而未给予静脉溶栓的对照组患者血浆BNP一直处于高水平状态;脑梗死患者血浆BNP水平与其静脉溶栓再通率相关:脑梗死患者血浆BNP越低,溶栓再通率越高,并提出血浆BNP可作为脑梗死溶栓治疗的预测指标之一,可间接反映疾病的总体预后。KIMURA等[48]指出,与BNP不升高的患者相比,rt-PA治疗后BNP水平升高的患者早期再通率低,推测可能机制是BNP升高患者的亚临床心力衰竭导致脑血流量减少,从而限制了血液清除或冲洗栓子的能力,因此,即使给予高血浆BNP患者rt-PA治疗,闭塞血管早期再通的可能性也较小。
4 展望
脑梗死急性期患者血浆BNP可能升高,静脉溶栓治疗后可明显下降,高血浆BNP的脑梗死患者预后更差、rt-PA静脉溶栓再通可能性小,血浆BNP水平在急性脑梗死静脉溶栓患者的严重程度、预后估测等方面有重要的临床意义。相对于其他检查,血浆BNP检测具有快速、简单、价格低廉等优点,可以给临床介入医生早期评估静脉溶栓后血管有无再通提供参考,以便及时对血管未再通且符合血管内机械取栓适应证的患者进行手术治疗,避免错失最佳的治疗时机。血浆BNP与脑梗死静脉溶栓治疗相关性研究的重要性及必要性,由于目前现有报道样本量较小、影响因素较多,且为单中心研究等,其特异性有待进一步的大样本多中心的临床试验证实,以便更好地指导临床诊断及治疗,相信随着研究的深入,血浆BNP在脑梗死静脉溶栓预后预测方面的临床应用前景会更加广阔。
5 参考文献
[1] SUDOH T,KANGAWA K,MINAMINO N,et al.A new natriuretic peptide in porcine brain[J].Nature,1988,332(6 159):78-81.
[2] 骆金玺,魏琦.血浆脑钠素对急性脑梗死患者的临床价值[J].中国实用神经疾病杂志,2008,11(9):76-77.
[3] 王春彬,王伟.B型脑钠肽与不同病因心力衰竭的研究进展[J].心血管病学进展,2008,29(3):458-461.
[4] DASGUPTA A,CHOW L,TSO G,et al.Stability of NT-proBNP in serum specimens collected in Becton Dickinson Vacutainer (SST) tubes[J].Clin Chem,2003,49(6 Pt 1):958.
[5] SCHWAM E.B-type Natriuretic Peptide for Diagnosis of Heart Failure in Emergency Department Patients:A Critical Appraisal[J].AcadEmerg Med,2004,11(6):686-691.
[6] MARIANO-GOULART D,EBERLÉ M C,BOUDOUSQ V,et al.Major increase in brain natriuretic peptide indicates right ventricular systolic dysfunction in patients with heart failure[J].EurJ Heart Fail,2014,5(4):481-488.
[7] INOUE S,MURAKAMI Y,SANO K,et al.Atrium as a source of brain natriuretics polypeptide in patients with atrial fibrillation[J].J Card Fail,2000,6(2):92-96.
[8] SARZANI R,SPANNELLA F,GIULIETTI F,et al.Cardiac Natriuretic Peptides,Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk[J].High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev,2017,24(2):115-126.
[9] SVIRI G E,SHIK V,RAZ B,et al.Role of brain natriuretic peptide in cerebral vasospasm[J].Acta Neurochirurgica,2003,145(10):851-860.
[10] SCHLUETER N,DE STERKE A,WILLMES D M,et al.Metabolic actions of natriuretic peptides and therapeutic potential in the metabolic syndrome[J].Pharmacol Ther,2014,144(1):12-27.
[11] HAJSADEGHI S,KASHANI AMIN L,BAKHSHANDEH H,et al.The Diagnostic Value of N-terminal Pro-brain Natriuretic Peptide in Differentiat-ing Cardioembolic Ischemic Stroke[J].J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis,2013,22(4):554-560.
[12] YANCY C W.Practical Considerations for BNP Use[J].Heart Fail Rev,2003,8(4):369-373.
[13] NAKAGAWA K,YAMAGUCHI T,MITSURU SEIDA M,et al.Plasma concentrations of brain natriuretic peptide in patients with acute ischemic stroke[J].Cerebrovasc Dis,2005,19(3):157-164.
[14] ETGEN T,BAUM H,SANDER K,et al.Cardiac troponins and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide in acute ischemic stroke do not relate to clinical prognosis[J].Stroke,2005,36(2):270-275.
[15] WANG W,JIANG B,SUN H,et al.Prevalence,Incidence and Mortality of Stroke in China:Results from a Nationwide Population-Based Survey of 480,687 Adults[J].Circulation,2017,135(8):759.
[16] WANG D,LIU J,LIU M,et al.Patterns of stroke between university hospitals and non-university hospitals in mainland China:a prospective multicenter hospital-based registry study[J].World Neurosurg,2017,98:258-265.
[17] HUANG Y,WANG J G,WEI J W,et al.Age and gender variations in the management of ischaemic stroke in China[J].Int J Stroke,2010,5(5):351-359.
[18] WANG Z,LI J,WANG C,et al.Gender Differences in 1-Year Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes after Stroke:Results from the China National Stroke Registry[J].PLoS One,2013,8(2):e56459.
[19] YASUE H,YOSHIMURA M,SUMIDA H,et al.Localization and mechanism of secretion of B-type natriuretic peptide in comparison with those of A-type natriuretic peptide in normal subjects and patients with heart failure[J].Circulation,1994,90(1):195.
[20] NISHIKIMI T,YOSHIHARA F,MORIMOTO A,et al.Relationship between left ventricular geometry and natriuretic peptide levels in essential hypertension[J].Hypertension,1996,28(1):22.
[21] SUTTON T M,STEWART R A,GERBER I L,et al.Plasma natriuretic peptide levels increase with symptoms and severity of mitral regurgitation[J].J Am Coll Cardiol,2003,41(12):2 280-2 287.
[22] SILVET H,YOUNG-XU Y,WALLEIGH D,et al.Brain natriuretic peptide is elevated in outpatients with atrial fibrillation[J].Am J Cardiol,2003,92(9):1 124-1 127.
[23] TOMITA H,METOKI N,SAITOH G,et al.Elevated Plasma Brain Natriuretic Peptide Levels Independent of Heart Disease in Acute Ischemic Stroke:Correlation with Stroke Severity[J].Hypertens Res,2008,31(9):1 695-1 702.
[24] ILTUMUR K,YAVAVLI A,APAK I,et al.Elevated plasma N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels in acute ischemic stroke[J].Am Heart J,2006,151(5):1 115-1 122.
[25] AHLUWALIA N,BLACHER J,FABIEN S D E,et al.Prognostic value of multiple emerging biomarkers in cardiovascular risk prediction in patients with stable cardiovascular disease[J].Atherosclerosis,2013,228(2):478-484.
[26] MAKIKALLIO A M,KIKALLIO T H,KORPELAINEN J T,et al.Natriuretic peptides and mortality after stroke[J].Stroke,2005,36(5):1016-20.
[27] GIANNAKOULAS G,HATZITOLIOS A,KARVOUNIS H,et al.N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide Levels Are Elevated in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke[J].Angiology,2005,56(6):723-730.
[28] YIP H K,SUN C K,CHANG L T,et al.Time Course and Prognostic Value of Plasma Levels of N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide in Patients After Ischemic Stroke[J].Circ J,2006,70(4):447-452.
[29] ANGELANTONIO E D,CASTRO S D,TONI D,et al.Determinants of plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide after acute ischemic stroke or TIA[J].J Neurol Sci,2007,260(1/2):139-142.
[30] FUKUI S,KATOH H,TSUZUKI N,et al.Focal brain edema and natriuretic peptides in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage[J].J Clin Neurosc,2004,11(5):507-511.
[31] MODREGO P J,BONED B,BERLANGA J J,et al.Plasmatic B-Type Natriuretic Peptide and C-Reactive Protein in Hyperacute Stroke as Markers of Ct-Evidence of Brain Edema[J].Int J Med Sci,2008,5(1):18-23.
[32] YUKIIRI K,HOSOMI N,NAYA T,et al.Plasma brain natriuretic peptide as a surrogate marker for cardioembolic stroke[J].BMC Neurol,2008,8(1):45-45.
[33] NADIR M A,WITHAM M D,SZWEJKOWSKI B R,et al.Meta-Analysis of B-Type Natriuretic Peptide\”s Ability to Identify Stress Induced Myocardial Ischemia[J].Am J Cardiol,2011,107(5):662-667.
[34] JIANG C,LU H,VINCENT K A,et al.Gene expression profiles in human cardiac cells subjected to hypoxia or expressing a hybrid form of HIF-1 alpha[J].Physiol Genomics,2002,8(1):23-32.
[35] GOETZE J P,GORE A,MØLLER C H,et al.Acute myocardial hypoxia increases BNP gene expression[J].FASEB J,2004,18(15):1 928-1 930.
[36] BROSNAN M J,CLARK J S,JEFFS B,et al.Genes encoding atrial and brain natriuretic peptides as candidates for sensitivity to brain ischemia in stroke-prone hypertensive rats[J].Hypertension,1999,33(2):290-297.
[37] KIM S H,LEE J Y,SANG H P,et al.Plasma B-type Natriuretic Peptide Level in Patients with Acute Cerebral Infarction according to Infarction Subtype and Infarction Volume[J].Int J Med Sci,2013,10(1):103-109.
[38] SHIBAZAKI K,KIMURA K,IGUCHI Y,et al.Plasma brain natriuretic peptide can be a biological marker to distinguish cardioembolic stroke from other stroke types in acute ischemic stroke[J].Intern Med,2009,48(5):259-264.
[39] NAYA T,YUKIIRI K,HOSOMI N,et al.Brain Natriuretic Peptide as a Surrogate Marker for Cardioembolic Stroke with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation[J].Cerebrovas Dis,2008,26(4):434-440.
[40] ROST N S,BIFFI A,CLOONAN L,et al.Brain natriuretic peptide predicts functional outcome in ischemic stroke[J].Stroke,2012,43(2):441.
[41] Chaudhuri J R,Sharma V K,Mridula K R,et al.Association of Plasma Brain Natriuretic Peptide Levels in Acute Ischemic Stroke Subtypes and Outcome[J].J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis,2015,24(2):485-491.
[42] OKADA Y,SHIBAZAKI K,KIMURA K,et al.Brain natriuretic peptide is a marker associated with thrombus in stroke patients with atrial fibrillation[J].J Neurol Sci,2011,301(1):86-89.
[43] SARITAS A,CAKIR Z,EMET M,et al.Factors affecting the B-type natriuretic peptide levels in stroke patients[J].Ann Acad Med Singapore,2010,39(5):385-389.
[44] SHIBAZAKI K,KIMURA K,OKADA Y,et al.Plasma brain natriuretic peptide as an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality after acute ischemic stroke[J].Intern Med,2009,48(18):1601-1 605.
[45] HAJDINJAK E,KLEMEN P,GRMEC S.Prognostic value of a single prehospital measurement of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and troponin T after acute ischaemic stroke[J].J Int Med Res,2012,40(2):768-776.
[46] SHIBAZAKI K,KIMURA K,SAKAI K,et al.Brain natriuretic peptide on admission as a biological marker of long-term mortality in ischemic stroke survivors[J].Eur Neurol,2013,70(3/4):218-224.
[47] NIGRO N,WILDI K,MUELLER C,et al.BNP but Not s-cTnln is associated with cardioembolic aetiology and predicts short and long term prognosis after cerebrovascular events[J].PLoS One,2013,9(7):e102704.
[48] KIMURA K,SHIBAZAKI K,IGUCHI Y,et al.The combination of elevated BNP and AF as a predictor of no early recanalization after IV-t-PA in acute ischemic stroke[J].J Neurolog Sci,2010,290(1):37-40.
(收稿2018-11-28)
本文责编:关慧
本文引用信息:袁佳欣,陈琦,窦连伟,刘宏,刘杰,任超,王晓彤.脑钠肽与急性脑梗死及脑梗死静脉溶栓的相关性研究进展[J].中国实用神经疾病杂志,2019,22(1):107-111.DOI:10.12083/SYSJ.2019.01.022
Reference information:YUAN Jiaxin,CHEN Qi,DOU Lianwei,LIU Hong,LIU Jie,REN Chao,WANG Xiaotong.Advances in research on the relationship between brain natriuretic peptide and acute cerebral infarction and venous thrombolysis[J].Chinese Journal of Practical Nervous Diseases,2019,22(1):107-111.DOI:10.12083/SYSJ.2019.01.022