目的 探讨愈风复瘫汤加减对痰瘀阻(滞)络型中风患者血液流变学的影响。方法 研究对象来自2013-04—2016-04洛阳市第二中医院收治的158例痰瘀阻(滞)络型中风患者,随机分为观察组和对照组各79例;对照组给予常规西医治疗,即抗血小板凝集、稳定斑块及改善脑组织代谢等,观察组给予愈风复瘫汤加减结合常规西医治疗,治疗2周后对神经功能和血液流变学进行评估。结果 治疗后,观察组疗效明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组神经功能缺损评分明显低于对照组,血液流变学明显好于对照组,差异有统计学意义
愈风复瘫汤加减对痰瘀阻(滞)络型中风患者血液流变学的影响
霍学文 韩冠先 周安予 李治萌 朱麟天 赵欢欢
洛阳市第二中医院脑病科,河南 洛阳 471003
作者简介:霍学文,Email:419088841@qq.com
【摘要】 目的 探讨愈风复瘫汤加减对痰瘀阻(滞)络型中风患者血液流变学的影响。方法 研究对象来自2013-04—2016-04洛阳市第二中医院收治的158例痰瘀阻(滞)络型中风患者,随机分为观察组和对照组各79例;对照组给予常规西医治疗,即抗血小板凝集、稳定斑块及改善脑组织代谢等,观察组给予愈风复瘫汤加减结合常规西医治疗,治疗2周后对神经功能和血液流变学进行评估。结果 治疗后,观察组疗效明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组神经功能缺损评分明显低于对照组,血液流变学明显好于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 愈风复瘫汤加减对痰瘀阻(滞)络型中风患者血液流变学的改善作用明显,值得临床推广。
【关键词】 痰瘀阻(滞)络型中风;脑卒中;愈风复瘫汤;血液流变学;神经功能
【中图分类号】 R743.3 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1673-5110(2018)18-2047-07 DOI:10.12083/SYSJ.2018.18.449
Yufeng Futan decoction onphlegm and blood stasis (hysteresis) of complex type influence stroke patients blood rheology
HUO Xuewen,HAN Guanxian,ZHOU Anyu,LI Zhimeng,ZHU Lintian,ZHAO Huanhuan
Department of Encephalopathy,Luoyang Second Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Luoyang 471003,China
【Abstract】 Objective To study and evaluate the effect of Yufeng Futan decoction on patients with phlegm blood stasis (stagnation).Methods In this study,the subjects were randomly divided into observation group and control group (n=79).The control group were be given conventional western medicine treatment and based on specific clinical needs,given anti-platelet aggregation,stable plaque,improve brain tissue metabolism and other conventional treatment,the observation group given the more wind paralysis soup addition and subtraction combined with the above conventional Western medicine treatment.After 2 weeks of treatment,patients,neurological function and hemorheology were evaluated.Results The neurological function of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05).The blood flow rate was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05),the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The change was significantly better than the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Yufeng Futan decoction on phlegm stagnation (stagnation) network type stroke patients to improve the role of hematology was better than the traditional Western medicine treatment,it is worth to promote in clinical practice.
【Key words】 Phlegm and blood stasis (lag) collaterals stroke;Stroke;Yufeng Futan decoction;Blood rheology;Never function
脑梗死是指各种原因引起的脑组织局部缺血坏死,中医称脑卒中或中风[1-5]。中风是严重危害人类身体健康的心血管疾病之一,发病原因主要是动脉粥样硬化,动脉粥样硬化会引起的局部凝血因子激活最终产生的血栓[6-12]。临床上突然起病,以神志、语言、肢体功能障为主要临床表现,但持续时间较短,不经治疗症状自行缓解者,谓中风先兆,仍属中风病范畴[13-16]。在脑梗死患者治疗的恢复期,保持血流的通畅性对于患者的神经功能恢复及术后的日常生活质量有很大的影响[17-22]。愈风复瘫汤具有活血化瘀,通脉舒络的功效[23-25]。本研究探讨愈风复瘫汤加减对痰瘀阻(滞)络型中风患者血液流变学的影响。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 研究对象来自2013-04—2016-04洛阳市第二中医院收治的158例痰瘀阻(滞)络型中风患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,对照组79例,男41例,女38例,年龄35~72(48.5±3.2)岁,病程2~12(8.07±0.75)月;初中及以下31例,高中12例,专科及以上36例。观察组79例,男40例,女39例,年龄30~74(47.3±3.3)岁,病程3~12(8.10±0.25)月;初中及以下30例,高中15例,专科及以上34例。2组年龄、病程、学历分布等一般资料差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。本研究经医院伦理委员会批准,患者及其家属知情并签署知情同意书。排除合并其他脑部严重疾病者,进行过脑部手术者,合并其他脏器、内分泌、血液系统等严重疾病者[26]。
1.2 治疗方法 对照组给予抗血小板聚集、稳定斑块、改善脑组织代谢、清除氧自由基、控制血压、血糖、预防并发症等治疗[27-30]。观察组在对照组基础上加服愈风复瘫汤加减,药物组成:当归30 g,川芎12 g,川牛膝30 g,鸡血藤30 g,全虫10 g蜈蚣3条,地龙30 g,天麻15 g,勾藤20 g,胆南星10 g,天竺黄10 g,僵蚕10 g,石菖蒲15 g,甘草6 g。伴口眼歪斜加白附子;眩晕甚者加泽泻、炒白术;语言不利加鲜竹沥;舌质红,苔黄腻,加黄芩;舌红少苔加生地、龟板;纳差加砂仁、鸡内金;便秘:热秘加生大黄,虚秘加火麻仁;无痰涎或无言语不利者,原方去胆南星,天竺黄;每日1剂,煎服,分早晚2次服用,连续服用2周。
1.3 观察指标 采用神经功能缺损程度评分量表(NIHSS量表)[31]进行评分。观察2组治疗前后血液生化学和血脂指标。
1.4 临床疗效评定[32-37] 基本痊愈:病残程度0级,神经功能缺损评分减少90%~100%;显著进步:病残程度1~3级,神经功能缺损评分减少46%~89%;进步:神经功能缺损评分减少18%~45%;无变化:神经功能缺损评分减少或增加18%;恶化:神经功能缺损评分增加18%[38-40]。
1.5 统计学处理 采用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计分析,计量资料用均数±标准差(x±s)表示,组间比较采用独立样本t检验,计数资料采用率(%)表示,行χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
2 结果
2.1 2组NIHSS评分比较 治疗前2组NIHSS评分无明显差异(P>0.05),治疗后观察组NIHSS评分明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。见表1。
2.2 2组治疗前后血脂、血液流变学指标比较 2组治疗后血脂水平均有所降低,治疗组血脂改善更明显(P<0.05)。治疗前2组血液流变学无明显差异(P>0.05),治疗后观察组明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。见表2。
2.3 2组临床疗效比较 观察组有效率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见表3。
表1 2组治疗前后NIHSS评分比较 (x±s,分)
Table 1 Comparison of NIHSS scores before and after treatment in two groups (x±s,score)
组别 |
n |
治疗前 |
治疗后 |
t值 |
P值 |
对照组 |
79 |
16.25±4.22 |
10.28±3.44 |
9.746 |
0 |
观察组 |
79 |
16.88±3.90 |
7.99±4.54 |
13.202 |
0 |
t值 |
- |
0.974 |
3.573 |
- |
- |
P值 |
- |
0.331 |
0.001 |
- |
- |
表2 2组治疗前后血脂、血液流变学指标比较 (x±s)
Table 2 Comparison of Blood Lipid and Hemorheology Indexes before and after treatmentin in two groups (x±s)
组别 |
n |
时间 |
TC(mmol/L) |
TG(mmol/L) |
全血比黏度(mPa·s) |
低切 |
高切 |
观察组 |
79 |
治疗前 |
5.51±2.32 |
3.15±1.37 |
13.51±3.43 |
6.18±2.17 |
|
|
治疗后 |
3.18±1.47*# |
3.05±0.34*# |
11.25±2.36*# |
5.16±1.25 |
对照组 |
79 |
治疗前 |
5.49±2.13 |
3.27±1.31 |
13.83±3.34 |
6.54±2.65 |
|
|
治疗后 |
4.92±1.42 |
3.05±0.21 |
12.88±2.48 |
5.31±1.24 |
注:与同组治疗前比较,*P<0.05;与对照组治疗后比较,#P<0.05
表3 2组临床疗效比较 (n)
Table 3 Comparison of clinical efficacy between two groups (n)
组别 |
n |
显效 |
有效 |
无效 |
恶化 |
有效率/% |
对照组 |
79 |
28 |
25 |
15 |
11 |
67.09 |
观察组 |
79 |
38 |
28 |
13 |
0 |
83.54 |
χ2值 |
|
|
|
|
|
5.754 |
P值 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.016 |
3 讨论
中风是中医学对急性脑血管疾病的统称[41-47],又称脑卒中,包括缺血性脑卒中和失血性脑卒中两种[48-50]。缺血性脑卒中即西医中的脑梗死,主要是动脉中样硬化引起的血栓阻塞脑血管,进而导致脑组织缺血性坏死所致[35]。出血性脑卒中多由于高血压小动脉硬化的血管破裂引起,是以猝然昏倒、不省人事,伴发口角歪斜、语言不利而出现半身不遂为主要症状的一类脑循环障碍性疾病[51-53]。中风常留有后遗症,发病年龄也趋向年轻化,因此,是威胁人类生命和生活质量的重大疾患[54-56]。中风以猝然昏扑、不省人事或突然发生口眼歪斜、半身不遂、舌强言蹇、智力障碍为主要特征[57-58]。临床表现有一定局限性神经症状,发生在一侧大脑半球者,有对侧三瘫,即对侧的偏瘫、偏身感觉障碍、偏盲症状,或同时有失语[59-64]。发生在脑干、小脑者则有同侧脑神经麻痹、对侧偏瘫或偏身感觉障碍,同侧肢体共济失调[65-67]。严重者有头痛、呕吐、意识障碍,甚至脑疝形成或死亡[68-71]。
脑卒中属于急症,急性期一般采用镇静、止痛、控制血压和颅内压、调节电解质等,恢复期采用各种药物加理疗促进瘫痪肢体和语言障碍的功能恢复,改善脑功能,减少后遗症以及预防复发[72-81]。中医疗法一般采用各种方剂,再根据各种症状加减[83-92]。愈风复瘫汤是当归、川芎、川牛膝、鸡血藤、全虫蜈蚣等配伍而成,根据具体症状对药物进行加减,具有通脉舒络的作用[93-112]。中药方剂愈风复瘫汤加减对神经功能及血液流变学的改善有显著效果,患者的预后效果更佳[113-117]。
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(收稿2017-06-05 修回2018-06-14)
本文引用信息:霍学文,韩冠先,周安予,李治萌,朱麟天,赵欢欢.愈风复瘫汤加减对痰瘀阻(滞)络型中风患者血液流变学的影响[J].中国实用神经疾病杂志,2018,21(18):2047-2053.DOI:10.12083/SYSJ.2018.18.449
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